Integration of campaign inputs, processes and delivery mechanisms has been identified as a possible way to improve campaign effectiveness, equity and efficiencies as noted in key global partner strategy documents.1 However, our literature review found limited recent evidence on effective campaigns integration models and approaches that resulted in improved processes or outcomes. Coalition member feedback also suggested country and global policies, donor financing, and engrained organizational behavior often does not enable integrated approaches. Consequently, members of the HCE Leadership Team as well as the STAC recommended that the HCE Coalition focus their research and learning efforts on defining and identifying promising practices on campaign integration; identifying the contextual, structural, and political factors that both enable and hinder integration from multiple campaign and country perspectives; and documenting which approaches lead to improved health outcomes. The overall outcome of such research would inform both country and global integration guidance and financing policies.
Priority Questions
What structural, political, behavioral, or procedural enabling and hindering factors at different levels of the health system affect whether integrated campaigns are considered, planned and initiated?
- What do campaign managers and/or other decision makers see as the main barriers, challenges and/or opportunities to full or partial campaign integration?
What are successful collaborative planning approaches and models (partial integration) for sharing of specific campaign components or platforms (e.g., budgeting, microplanning, household registration/enumeration, supply chains/logistics, data collection/or data systems, community messaging, M&E)?
- What are the drivers, criteria and processes used by planners and stakeholders to make decisions during the campaign planning process?
What are effective approaches to engage communities during all phases of campaign planning, implementation and evaluation?
- What are community, community health workers/community drug distributors and front line campaign managers’ perspectives on integrated campaign delivery approaches and best practices for community mobilization, BCC, CHW training, etc.?
How does the use of digital tools and technology innovations (e.g., mobile payments to campaign workers’ mobile phones, geo-spatial mapping, real-time monitoring tools, HIS) support/enhance collaborative and integrated delivery approaches?
What is the impact of full and/or partial campaign integration on outcomes, such as coverage, equity, efficiency, safety, cost, sustainability, and health systems and inter-sectoral linkages?
- What monitoring and evaluation systems, including metrics related to process and outcomes, are used (or should be used) to assess the level and success of campaign integration?
- What is the cost-benefit of full and/or partial campaign integration and from which perspectives is the cost-benefit analysis (CBA) conducted?
1 For example: the NTD Roadmap 2030, Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) Polio Eradication Strategic Plan 2022-2026, WHO Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016-2030, WHO Immunization Agenda 2030, the Gavi 5.0 Alliance 2021-2025 Strategy, UNICEF Vitamin A Supplementation at a crossroads report.