Background

Lessons Learned from Measles and Meningitis A Integrated Campaigns in Northern Nigeria

A Retrospective Study of Lessons Learned From the 2019-2020 Implementation of Measles and Meningitis A Integrated Campaigns in the Context of COVID-19

Background

Nigeria has a high burden of both measles and meningitis A in the northern region, which lies in the ‘meningitis belt’ of Africa. Measles has an incidence rate of 33.6 cases per million, 70% of which are in children <5 years of age. Meningitis A was responsible for 50,000 cases and 2,000 deaths in 2009.

Context

Problems and Opportunities

Nigeria’s Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) delivers vaccines through the primary care system and via vaccination campaigns. Partially integrated vaccination campaigns have been conducted since 2014, mainly through maternal health and child survival interventions. In 2019-2020, the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) implemented the first simultaneously integrated campaign for more than one injectable vaccine in 20 states (two vaccinations of either measles, yellow fever, or meningitis A vaccine). The decision to fully integrate was driven by:

  • Funding gaps
  • Competing timelines of standalone campaigns
  • The need to free up time for other  primary health care systems activities
  • Overlap in target populations, epidemiology, program implementation, and logistics

Objectives

  • Document the integrated campaign pre-planning and planning processes in Kwara, Kogi, and Niger states.
  • Identify enabling factors and barriers to the effectiveness of integrated campaign planning. 
  • Develop blueprints, models, and transferable guidance from the integration process to improve service delivery across the routine immunization program and primary health care system.

Integration is an opportunity to conduct timely vaccination campaigns and prevent outbreaks without obstructing other important primary health care activities.


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